Itraconazole is an N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis. It has a role as a Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor, a P450 inhibitor and an EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor. It is a dichlorobenzene, an aromatic ether, a member of triazoles, a dioxolane, a N-arylpiperazine, a cyclic ketal, a conazole antifungal drug and a triazole antifungal drug.
